System.AssignFile Function

Associates the name of an external file with a file variable.

Pascal

procedure AssignFile(var F; FileName: string);

C++

AssignFile( F, AnsiString FileName);

File

System

Description

Call AssignFile to initialize a file variable in Delphi code. F is a file variable of any file type. FileName is a string-type expression or an expression of type PChar if extended syntax is enabled.

After calling AssignFile, F is associated with the external file until F is closed. All further operations on the file variable F operate on the external file named by FileName.

When the FileName parameter is empty, AssignFile associates F with the standard input or standard output file. If assigned an empty name, after a call to Reset (F), F refers to the standard input file, and after a call to Rewrite (F), F refers to the standard output file.

Do not use AssignFile on a file variable that is already open.

Note: To avoid scope conflicts, AssignFile replaces the Assign procedure that was available in early versions of the Delphi product. However, for backward compatibility Assign is still available.

Delphi Examples:

Copy Code

{
This example uses a file listbox and a regular listbox on a
form. The following routine scans through the files listed
in the file listbox and lists the sizes of any selected
files to the regular list box.  To exercise the error
condition create a file in the Debug directory, start this
application and then delete the file.  Now try to list the
size of the deleted file.  Set the MultiSelect and
ExtendedSelect properties on the FileListBox.
}
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  F: File;
  i, filehandle: Integer;
begin
  for i := 0 to (FileListBox1.Items.Count - 1) do begin
  try
    if FileListBox1.Selected[i] then 
    begin
      if not FileExists(FileListBox1.Items.Strings[i]) then
      begin
        MessageDlg('File: ' + FileListBox1.Items.Strings[i] +
                   ' not found', mtError, [mbOk], 0);
        Continue;
      end;
      filehandle:=  FileOpen(FileListBox1.Items.Strings[i], 1);
      if (filehandle = -1) then
      begin
        MessageDlg('File: ' + FileListBox1.Items.Strings[i] +
                   ' cannot be opened with access mode 1.', mtError, [mbOk], 0);
        Continue;
      end
      else
        FileClose(filehandle);

      AssignFile(F, FileListBox1.Items.Strings[i]);
      Reset(F, 1);
      ListBox1.Items.Add(
        FileListBox1.Items.Strings[i] + ': ' + IntToStr(FileSize(F)));
      CloseFile(F);
    end;
   finally
   { do something here }
   end;
  end;
end;

Copy Code

{
Use a TOpenDialog to select a file.  Place the first line of
the file into a TEdit. 
}
procedure TForm1.Edit1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  F: TextFile;
  S: string;
begin
  if OpenDialog1.Execute then            { Display Open dialog box }
  begin
    AssignFile(F, OpenDialog1.FileName); { File selected in dialog }
    Reset(F);
    Readln(F, S);                        { Read first line of file }
    Edit1.Text := S;                     { Put string in a TEdit control }
    CloseFile(F);
  end;
end;

Copy Code

{
Click the button to open a TOpenDialog, then select a file 
to delete.
}

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  F: Textfile;
begin
  OpenDialog1.Title := 'Delete File';
  if OpenDialog1.Execute then
  begin
    AssignFile(F, OpenDialog1.FileName);
    try
      Reset(F);
      if MessageDlg('Erase ' + OpenDialog1.FileName + '?',
        mtConfirmation, [mbYes, mbNo], 0) = mrYes then
      begin
        CloseFile(F);
        Erase(F);
      end;
    except
      on EInOutError do
        MessageDlg('File I/O error.', mtError, [mbOk], 0);
    end;
  end;
end;